Nevertheless, in all countries, there is a group of 15 to 21 % that are unlikely ever to install any app.
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All details in the preprint "Apps Against the Spread: Privacy Implications and User Acceptance of COVID-19-Related Smartphone Apps on Three Continents" https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.14245.pdf
Our study was accepted for publication at #chi202
Thanks to the helpful reviews we updated the paper - available at https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.14245.pdf